This study investigated the efficiency of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane bioreactor in treating wastewater. The performance of the bioreactor was evaluated based on various parameters, including efficiency of organic matter, nutrient removal, and membrane fouling. The results demonstrated that the PVDF hollow fiber membrane

PVDF membrane bioreactors emerge as a promising solution for removing wastewater. These modules employ porous PVDF membranes to filter contaminants from wastewater, delivering a cleaner effluent. Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of PVDF membrane bioreactors in treating various pollutants, including suspended solids. The performa